如何使用translate.google.cn免费Google翻译网站翻译整篇Markdown文档

有时需要翻译整篇的Markdown文档,直接使用 https://translate.google.cn/ 网站也可以,但是翻译时文档过长需要手动分段,而且翻译是会把front matter的关键字也一起翻译了。这个程序可以解决这些问题

本方法已更新, 最新版请点击这里

直接使用Google翻译的问题

  • 网站一次翻译的长度是有限制的,比较长的MD文档需要分段多次翻译。
  • 网站翻译时会把front matter的关键字也一起翻译了, 所以翻译完以后front matter部分还需要重新组织,如果翻译后的语言不认识,重新组织会比较麻烦
  • MarkDown的关键字也会有和上面类似的问题, 另外也发现个别语言(比如越南语之类用的较少的语言) 在翻译时MarkDown关键字会影响翻译的结果, 可能是翻译程序不完善造成的

翻译过程

翻译大致分成下面的几个过程:

  1. 把不需要翻译的部分提前提取出来,在原文档中做好标记
  2. 把标记好的文档,按照行分好段,每次只翻译其中的一部分,保证不超过最大长度
  3. 翻译时如果出现网络错误,重试
  4. 翻译好的结果里把原先不翻译的部分再替换回去
  5. 翻译过程会造成部分格式缺失,重新格式化文档。

代码实现

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import codecs
import datetime
import glob
import json
import os
import random
import re
import ssl
import time
import urllib.parse
import urllib.request
from cgitb import text
from datetime import datetime
from importlib.resources import contents
from sre_constants import RANGE
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
from unittest.util import strclass
from xml.etree.ElementTree import C14NWriterTarget

import execjs

ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context

class GoogleTrans(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'https://translate.google.cn/translate_a/single'
        self.TKK = "434674.96463358"  # 随时都有可能需要更新的TKK值

        self.header = {
            "accept": "*/*",
            "accept-language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9",
            "cookie": "NID=188=M1p_rBfweeI_Z02d1MOSQ5abYsPfZogDrFjKwIUbmAr584bc9GBZkfDwKQ80cQCQC34zwD4ZYHFMUf4F59aDQLSc79_LcmsAihnW0Rsb1MjlzLNElWihv-8KByeDBblR2V1kjTSC8KnVMe32PNSJBQbvBKvgl4CTfzvaIEgkqss",
            "referer": "https://translate.google.cn/",
            "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.142 Safari/537.36",
            "x-client-data": "CJK2yQEIpLbJAQjEtskBCKmdygEIqKPKAQi5pcoBCLGnygEI4qjKAQjxqcoBCJetygEIza3KAQ==",
        }

        self.data = {
            "client": "webapp",  # 基于网页访问服务器
            "sl": "zh-cn",  # 源语言,auto表示由谷歌自动识别
            "tl": "en",  # 翻译的目标语言
            "hl": "zh-cn",  # 界面语言选中文,毕竟URL都是cn后缀了,就不装美国人了
            # dt表示要求服务器返回的数据类型
            "dt": ["at", "bd", "ex", "ld", "md", "qca", "rw", "rm", "ss", "t"],
            "otf": "2",
            "ssel": "0",
            "tsel": "0",
            "kc": "1",
            "tk": "",  # 谷歌服务器会核对的token
            "q": ""  # 待翻译的字符串
        }

        with open('token.js', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            self.js_fun = execjs.compile(f.read())

        # 构建完对象以后要同步更新一下TKK值
        # self.update_TKK()

    def update_TKK(self):
        url = "https://translate.google.cn/"
        req = urllib.request.Request(url=url, headers=self.header)
        page_source = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read().decode("utf-8")
        self.TKK = re.findall(r"tkk:'([0-9]+\.[0-9]+)'", page_source)[0]

    def construct_url(self):
        base = self.url + '?'
        for key in self.data:
            if isinstance(self.data[key], list):
                base = base + "dt=" + "&dt=".join(self.data[key]) + "&"
            else:
                base = base + key + '=' + self.data[key] + '&'
        base = base[:-1]
        return base

    def query(self, q, lang_from='zh-cn', lang_to=''):
        self.data['q'] = urllib.parse.quote(q)
        self.data['tk'] = self.js_fun.call('wo', q, self.TKK)
        self.data['sl'] = lang_from
        self.data['tl'] = lang_to
        url = self.construct_url()
        # print(url)
        req = urllib.request.Request(url=url, headers=self.header)
        res = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read().decode("utf-8")
        # print("res======", res)
        response = json.loads(res)

        # print(response)
        originalLanguageCode = response[2]

        targetText = ""
        originalText = ""
        for ds in response[0]:
            # print("-----------------")
            # print(ds[0])
            # print("-----------------")
            # print(ds[1])
            # print("-----------------")
            if ds[0]:
                targetText = targetText + ds[0]
            if ds[1]:
                originalText = originalText + ds[1]

        print("翻译前:{},翻译前code:{}".format(originalText, originalLanguageCode))
        print("翻译后:{}, 翻译后code:{}".format(targetText, lang_to))

        return originalText, originalLanguageCode, targetText, lang_to

    def translate(self, sourceTxt, srcLang, targetLang, retries=0):
        print('translate retries=',  retries)
        if retries > 20:
            return
        try:
            result = self.query(sourceTxt, srcLang, lang_to=targetLang)[2]
            print(result)
            if result is None:
                retries += 1
                self.translate(sourceTxt, srcLang, targetLang, retries)
            else:
                return result
        except:
            retries += 1
            self.translate(sourceTxt, srcLang, targetLang, retries)


class MdTransItem(object):
    def __init__(self, i):
        self.delimiter = '_{:05d}_'.format(i)

# 内容无需翻译
# 比如 #date: 2022-04-01
class MdTransItemReserve(MdTransItem):
    def __init__(self, text, i):
        MdTransItem.__init__(self, i)
        self.trans_buff = self.delimiter + '\n'
        self.value = text

    def get_trans_buff(self):
        return self.trans_buff

    def compose(self, translated_md_text):
        return translated_md_text.replace(self.trans_buff, self.value)

# 内容全部需翻译
# 比如MD中的正文文本块
class MdTransItemPlainText(MdTransItem):
    def __init__(self, text, i):
        MdTransItem.__init__(self, i)
        self.trans_buff = text

    def get_trans_buff(self):
        return self.trans_buff

    def compose(self, translated_md_text):
        return translated_md_text

# 内容为#key:value形式,value需要翻译
# 比如 #title: 这是文章标题
class MdTransItemKeyValue(MdTransItem):
    def __init__(self, text, i):
        MdTransItem.__init__(self, i)
        # print(text)
        idx = text.index(':')
        # print(idx)
        lstr = text[0: idx + 1]
        rstr = text[idx + 1:].strip()
        # print(rstr)
        self.trans_buff = self.delimiter + ' \n' + \
            rstr + '  \n' + self.delimiter + ' \n'
        self.value = lstr.rstrip()

    def get_trans_buff(self):
        return self.trans_buff

    def compose(self, translated_md_text):
        # return translated_md_text.replace(self.delimiter, self.value)
        print('self.delimiter:', self.delimiter)
        print(translated_md_text)
        result_md_text = ''
        dlen = len(self.delimiter)
        idx1 = translated_md_text.index(self.delimiter)
        idx2 = translated_md_text.index(self.delimiter, idx1 + 1)

        lstr = translated_md_text[0: idx1]
        mstr = translated_md_text[idx1 + dlen + 1: idx2]
        rstr = translated_md_text[idx2 + dlen + 1:]
        rstr = rstr.lstrip()

        result_md_text = lstr + self.value + ' ' + mstr.strip() + '\n' + rstr
        return result_md_text

# 内容为### Title形式,Title需要翻译
# 比如 ### MD标题
class MdTransItemTitle(MdTransItem):
    def __init__(self, text, i):
        MdTransItem.__init__(self, i)
        idx = text.index(' ')
        lstr = text[0: idx + 1]
        rstr = text[idx + 1:]
        # print(rstr)
        self.trans_buff = self.delimiter + ' \n' + \
            rstr + '  \n' + self.delimiter + ' \n'
        self.value = lstr.rstrip()

    def get_trans_buff(self):
        return self.trans_buff

    def compose(self, translated_md_text):
        # return translated_md_text.replace(self.delimiter, self.value)
        print('self.delimiter:', self.delimiter)
        print(translated_md_text)
        result_md_text = ''
        dlen = len(self.delimiter)
        idx1 = translated_md_text.index(self.delimiter)
        idx2 = translated_md_text.index(self.delimiter, idx1 + 1)

        lstr = translated_md_text[0: idx1]
        mstr = translated_md_text[idx1 + dlen + 1: idx2]
        rstr = translated_md_text[idx2 + dlen + 1:]
        rstr = rstr.lstrip()

        result_md_text = lstr + self.value + ' ' + mstr.strip() + '\n' + rstr
        return result_md_text


# 内容为![图片标题](01.jpg) 形式,图片标题需要翻译
# 比如 ![图片名称](01.jpg)
class MdTransItemImg(MdTransItem):
    def __init__(self, text, i):
        MdTransItem.__init__(self, i)
        idx1 = text.index('[')
        idx2 = text.index(']')
        if idx1 == idx2 - 1:
            self.value = text[:-1]
            self.trans_buff = self.delimiter + '\n'
            self.type = 1
        else:
            lstr = text[0: idx1 + 1]
            mstr = text[idx1 + 1: idx2]
            rstr = text[idx2: -1]
            self.trans_buff = self.delimiter + '_B ' + mstr + ' ' + self.delimiter + '_E\n'
            self.value1 = lstr
            self.value2 = rstr
            self.type = 2

    def get_trans_buff(self):
        return self.trans_buff

    def compose(self, translated_md_text):
        if self.type == 1:
            translated_md_text = translated_md_text.replace(
                self.delimiter, self.value)
        elif self.type == 2:
            translated_md_text = translated_md_text.replace(
                self.delimiter + '_B', self.value1)
            translated_md_text = translated_md_text.replace(
                self.delimiter + '_E', self.value2)
        return translated_md_text

# 内容为#key:["values1","values2",..."valueN"]形式,value需要翻译
# 比如 keywords: ["关键词1","关键词2","关键词3"]
class MdTransItemKeyValueArray(MdTransItem):
    def __init__(self, text, i):
        MdTransItem.__init__(self, i)
        idx = text.index(':')
        # print(idx)
        lstr = text[0: idx + 1]
        self.value = lstr
        rstr = text[idx + 1:].strip()
        # print(rstr)
        # 列表内容
        if rstr.startswith('['):
            self.trans_buff = ''
            self.trans_buff = self.trans_buff + self.delimiter + '  \n'

            # print('strat with [')
            trans_str = ''
            items = rstr[2:-2].split('\",\"')
            for item in items:
                self.trans_buff = self.trans_buff + item + '\n'

            self.trans_buff = self.trans_buff + self.delimiter + '  \n'

        else:
            print("Wrong format with MdTransItemKeyValueArray:", text)

    def get_trans_buff(self):
        return self.trans_buff

    def compose(self, translated_md_text):
        print('self.delimiter:', self.delimiter)
        print(translated_md_text)
        result_md_text = ''
        dlen = len(self.delimiter)
        idx1 = translated_md_text.index(self.delimiter)
        idx2 = translated_md_text.index(self.delimiter, idx1 + 1)

        lstr = translated_md_text[0: idx1]
        mstr = translated_md_text[idx1 + dlen + 1: idx2]
        rstr = translated_md_text[idx2 + dlen + 1:]
        rstr = rstr.lstrip()

        result_md_text = lstr

        result_md_text = result_md_text + self.value + ' ['
        mstr_array = mstr.strip().split('\n')
        for m in mstr_array:
            if m.endswith('.'):
                m = m[0:-1]
            result_md_text = result_md_text + '"' + m + '",'

        if result_md_text.endswith(','):
            result_md_text = result_md_text[0: len(result_md_text) - 1]

        result_md_text = result_md_text + ']\n'
        result_md_text = result_md_text + rstr
        return result_md_text

class MdTranslater(object):
    langs = ['en', 'zh-tw', 'th', 'hi', 'ms', 'tl', 'id', 'vi']

    def cleanup(self, md_folder):
        for lang in self.langs:
            dest_filename = md_folder + '/index.' + lang + '.md'
            if os.path.exists(dest_filename):
                print('remove ', dest_filename)
                os.remove(dest_filename)

    def check_missing(self, md_folder):
        for lang in self.langs:
            dest_filename = md_folder + '/index.' + lang + '.md'
            if not os.path.exists(dest_filename):
                print('lack ', dest_filename)

    def replace_useless_char(self, tstr):
        return tstr

    def translate_md(self, src_lang, dest_lang, md_file):
        dest_filename = md_file.replace(src_lang, dest_lang)
        if os.path.exists(dest_filename):
            print('already translated ', dest_filename, ' skip.')
            return

        src_filename = md_file
        if not os.path.exists(src_filename):
            print('src file ', src_filename, ' not exist! skip.')
            return

        src_md_lines = ''
        with open(src_filename, encoding='utf-8') as src_filename_data:
            src_md_lines = src_filename_data.readlines()

        print('translate ', dest_filename, ' ...')
        is_front_matter = False
        md_trans_items = []
        for i in range(len(src_md_lines)):
            line = src_md_lines[i]
            line = self.replace_useless_char(line)
            if line.strip() == '---':
                is_front_matter = not is_front_matter
                md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemReserve(line, i))
                continue

            if is_front_matter:
                if line.startswith(('title:', 'slug:', 'description:')):
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemKeyValue(line, i))
                elif line.startswith('date:'):
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemReserve(line, i))
                elif line.startswith(('tags:', 'categories:', 'keywords:')):
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemKeyValueArray(line, i))
                else:
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemPlainText(line, i))
            else:
                if len(line.strip()) == 0:  # 空行
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemPlainText(line, i))
                elif re.match('\!\[.*\]\(.*\)', line) is not None:  # 图片
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemImg(line, i))
                elif line.strip().startswith('#'):  # 标题
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemTitle(line, i))
                else:  # 普通文字
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemPlainText(line, i))

        # 待翻译md文本
        src_md_text = ''
        for mdTransItem in md_trans_items:
            src_md_text = src_md_text + mdTransItem.get_trans_buff()

        # 分割文本,每次翻译,发送大小不大于1000
        part_src_md_text = ""
        dest_md_text = ""
        for line in src_md_text.splitlines():
            part_src_md_text = part_src_md_text + line + "\n"
            if len(part_src_md_text) > 1000:
                dest_md_text = dest_md_text + GoogleTrans().translate(part_src_md_text,
                                                                      src_lang, dest_lang) + "\n"
                part_src_md_text = ""
        if len(part_src_md_text) > 0:
            dest_md_text = dest_md_text + GoogleTrans().translate(part_src_md_text,
                                                                  src_lang, dest_lang) + "\n"

        for mdTransItem in md_trans_items:
            print(mdTransItem)
            dest_md_text = mdTransItem.compose(dest_md_text)

        final_md_text = ''
        for dline in dest_md_text.splitlines():
            final_md_text = final_md_text + dline + '  \n'

        with open(dest_filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as outfile:
            outfile.write(final_md_text)

    def translate_md_with_retries(self, src_lang, dest_lang, md_folder, retries=0):
        print('translate md with retries=',  retries)
        if retries > 20:
            return
        try:
            time.sleep(1)
            return self.translate_md(src_lang, dest_lang, md_folder)
        except:
            time.sleep(5)
            retries += 1
            self.translate_md_with_retries(
                src_lang, dest_lang, md_folder, retries)

    def translate_all_md(self, md_folder):
        print('translate_all_md:', md_folder)
        files = [f for f in glob.glob(
            md_folder + "/**/*.zh-cn.md", recursive=True)]
        for f in files:
            for lang in self.langs:
                self.translate_md_with_retries('zh-cn', lang, f)

参考文档

google翻译部分参考了 https://github.com/VictorZhang2014/free-google-translate

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