验证定时任务是否存在
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root@localhost:~# sudo systemctl status certbot.timer
● certbot.timer - Run certbot twice daily
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/certbot.timer; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (waiting) since Wed 2022-12-07 02:08:51 UTC; 22h ago
Trigger: Thu 2022-12-08 04:56:59 UTC; 3h 49min left
Triggers: ● certbot.service
Dec 07 02:08:51 localhost systemd[1]: Started Run certbot twice daily.
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如果存在上述定时任务，则定时是成功的。
在较新的版本中定时任务是在安装时自动设置的，无需手工设置。
验证续期操作是否能成功
使用certbot renew命令验证,执行以后会验证所有certbot管理的域名
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root@localhost:~# sudo certbot renew --dry-run
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log
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Processing /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/abc.com.conf
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Simulating renewal of an existing certificate for ijoke.fun and abc.com and www.abc.com
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Processing /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/knightli.com.conf
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Simulating renewal of an existing certificate for knightli.com and www.knightli.com
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Congratulations, all simulated renewals succeeded:
/etc/letsencrypt/live/abc.com/fullchain.pem (success)
/etc/letsencrypt/live/knightli.com/fullchain.pem (success)
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看到all simulated renewals succeeded说明都能成功
常见的不成功的例子
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root@localhost:/# sudo certbot renew --dry-run
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log
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Processing /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/abc.com.conf
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Simulating renewal of an existing certificate for abc.com and www.abc.com
Failed to renew certificate abc.com with error: Could not bind TCP port 80 becau
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Processing /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/knightli.com.conf
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Simulating renewal of an existing certificate for knightli.com and www.knightli.com
Failed to renew certificate knightli.com with error: Could not bind TCP port 80 because it is already in use by another process on this system (such as a web server). Please stop the program in question and then try again.
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All simulated renewals failed. The following certificates could not be renewed:
/etc/letsencrypt/live/abc.com/fullchain.pem (failure)
/etc/letsencrypt/live/knightli.com/fullchain.pem (failure)
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2 renew failure(s), 0 parse failure(s)
Ask for help or search for solutions at https://community.letsencrypt.org. See the logfile /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log or re-run Certbot with -v for more details.
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以上是不成功的例子，不成功的原因是当时申请证书时使用的是standalone方式，在申请和续期时certbot都会自己搭建一个http服务，如果这是你的服务器运行了其他http服务器，就会导致失败。
这是需要修改certbot的配置文件就可以成功
在目录/etc/letsencrypt/renewal/下找到你的域名对应的配置文件
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root@localhost:~# ll /etc/letsencrypt/renewal
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 7 02:59 ./
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 Dec 8 01:09 ../
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 530 Dec 7 02:59 abc.com.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 545 Dec 7 02:59 knightli.com.conf
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修改对应的配置文件
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原有
authenticator = standalone
修改成（适用于nginx服务器的情形）
authenticator = nginx
installer = nginx
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