如何使用translate.google.cn免費Google翻譯網站翻譯整篇Markdown文檔

有時需要翻譯整篇的Markdown文檔,直接使用 https://translate.google.cn/ 網站也可以,但是翻譯時文檔過長需要手動分段,而且翻譯是會把front matter的關鍵字也一起翻譯了。這個程序可以解決這些問題

本方法已更新, 最新版請點擊這裡

直接使用Google翻譯的問題

  • 網站一次翻譯的長度是有限制的,比較長的MD文檔需要分段多次翻譯。
  • 網站翻譯時會把front matter的關鍵字也一起翻譯了, 所以翻譯完以後front matter部分還需要重新組織,如果翻譯後的語言不認識,重新組織會比較麻煩
  • MarkDown的關鍵字也會有和上麵類似的問題, 另外也發現個別語言(比如越南語之類用的較少的語言) 在翻譯時MarkDown關鍵字會影響翻譯的結果, 可能是翻譯程序不完善造成的

翻譯過程

翻譯大致分成下面的幾個過程:

  1. 把不需要翻譯的部分提前提取出來,在原文檔中做好標記
  2. 把標記好的文檔,按照行分好段,每次只翻譯其中的一部分,保證不超過最大長度
  3. 翻譯時如果出現網絡錯誤,重試
  4. 翻譯好的結果裡把原先不翻譯的部分再替換回去
  5. 翻譯過程會造成部分格式缺失,重新格式化文檔。

代碼實現

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import codecs
import datetime
import glob
import json
import os
import random
import re
import ssl
import time
import urllib.parse
import urllib.request
from cgitb import text
from datetime import datetime
from importlib.resources import contents
from sre_constants import RANGE
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
from unittest.util import strclass
from xml.etree.ElementTree import C14NWriterTarget

import execjs

ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context

class GoogleTrans(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'https://translate.google.cn/translate_a/single'
        self.TKK = "434674.96463358"  # 隨時都有可能需要更新的TKK值

        self.header = {
            "accept": "*/*",
            "accept-language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9",
            "cookie": "NID=188=M1p_rBfweeI_Z02d1MOSQ5abYsPfZogDrFjKwIUbmAr584bc9GBZkfDwKQ80cQCQC34zwD4ZYHFMUf4F59aDQLSc79_LcmsAihnW0Rsb1MjlzLNElWihv-8KByeDBblR2V1kjTSC8KnVMe32PNSJBQbvBKvgl4CTfzvaIEgkqss",
            "referer": "https://translate.google.cn/",
            "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.142 Safari/537.36",
            "x-client-data": "CJK2yQEIpLbJAQjEtskBCKmdygEIqKPKAQi5pcoBCLGnygEI4qjKAQjxqcoBCJetygEIza3KAQ==",
        }

        self.data = {
            "client": "webapp",  # 基於網頁訪問服務器
            "sl": "zh-cn",  # 源語言,auto表示由谷歌自動識別
            "tl": "en",  # 翻譯的目標語言
            "hl": "zh-cn",  # 界面語言選中文,畢竟URL都是cn後綴了,就不裝美國人了
            # dt表示要求服務器返回的數據類型
            "dt": ["at", "bd", "ex", "ld", "md", "qca", "rw", "rm", "ss", "t"],
            "otf": "2",
            "ssel": "0",
            "tsel": "0",
            "kc": "1",
            "tk": "",  # 谷歌服務器會核對的token
            "q": ""  # 待翻譯的字符串
        }

        with open('token.js', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            self.js_fun = execjs.compile(f.read())

        # 構建完對像以後要同步更新一下TKK值
        # self.update_TKK()

    def update_TKK(self):
        url = "https://translate.google.cn/"
        req = urllib.request.Request(url=url, headers=self.header)
        page_source = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read().decode("utf-8")
        self.TKK = re.findall(r"tkk:'([0-9]+\.[0-9]+)'", page_source)[0]

    def construct_url(self):
        base = self.url + '?'
        for key in self.data:
            if isinstance(self.data[key], list):
                base = base + "dt=" + "&dt=".join(self.data[key]) + "&"
            else:
                base = base + key + '=' + self.data[key] + '&'
        base = base[:-1]
        return base

    def query(self, q, lang_from='zh-cn', lang_to=''):
        self.data['q'] = urllib.parse.quote(q)
        self.data['tk'] = self.js_fun.call('wo', q, self.TKK)
        self.data['sl'] = lang_from
        self.data['tl'] = lang_to
        url = self.construct_url()
        # print(url)
        req = urllib.request.Request(url=url, headers=self.header)
        res = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read().decode("utf-8")
        # print("res======", res)
        response = json.loads(res)

        # print(response)
        originalLanguageCode = response[2]

        targetText = ""
        originalText = ""
        for ds in response[0]:
            # print("-----------------")
# print(ds[0])
            # print("-----------------")
            # print(ds[1])
            # print("-----------------")
            if ds[0]:
                targetText = targetText + ds[0]
            if ds[1]:
                originalText = originalText + ds[1]

        print("翻譯前:{},翻譯前code:{}".format(originalText, originalLanguageCode))
        print("翻譯後:{}, 翻譯後code:{}".format(targetText, lang_to))

        return originalText, originalLanguageCode, targetText, lang_to

    def translate(self, sourceTxt, srcLang, targetLang, retries=0):
        print('translate retries=',  retries)
        if retries > 20:
            return
        try:
            result = self.query(sourceTxt, srcLang, lang_to=targetLang)[2]
            print(result)
            if result is None:
                retries += 1
                self.translate(sourceTxt, srcLang, targetLang, retries)
            else:
                return result
        except:
            retries += 1
            self.translate(sourceTxt, srcLang, targetLang, retries)


class MdTransItem(object):
    def __init__(self, i):
        self.delimiter = '_{:05d}_'.format(i)

# 內容無需翻譯
# 比如 #date: 2022-04-01
class MdTransItemReserve(MdTransItem):
    def __init__(self, text, i):
        MdTransItem.__init__(self, i)
        self.trans_buff = self.delimiter + '\n'
        self.value = text

    def get_trans_buff(self):
        return self.trans_buff

    def compose(self, translated_md_text):
        return translated_md_text.replace(self.trans_buff, self.value)

# 內容全部需翻譯
# 比如MD中的正文文本塊
class MdTransItemPlainText(MdTransItem):
    def __init__(self, text, i):
        MdTransItem.__init__(self, i)
        self.trans_buff = text

    def get_trans_buff(self):
        return self.trans_buff

    def compose(self, translated_md_text):
        return translated_md_text

# 內容為#key:value形式,value需要翻譯
# 比如 #title: 這是文章標題
class MdTransItemKeyValue(MdTransItem):
    def __init__(self, text, i):
        MdTransItem.__init__(self, i)
        # print(text)
        idx = text.index(':')
        # print(idx)
        lstr = text[0: idx + 1]
        rstr = text[idx + 1:].strip()
        # print(rstr)
        self.trans_buff = self.delimiter + ' \n' + \
            rstr + '  \n' + self.delimiter + ' \n'
        self.value = lstr.rstrip()

    def get_trans_buff(self):
        return self.trans_buff

    def compose(self, translated_md_text):
        # return translated_md_text.replace(self.delimiter, self.value)
        print('self.delimiter:', self.delimiter)
        print(translated_md_text)
        result_md_text = ''
        dlen = len(self.delimiter)
        idx1 = translated_md_text.index(self.delimiter)
        idx2 = translated_md_text.index(self.delimiter, idx1 + 1)

        lstr = translated_md_text[0: idx1]
        mstr = translated_md_text[idx1 + dlen + 1: idx2]
        rstr = translated_md_text[idx2 + dlen + 1:]
        rstr = rstr.lstrip()

        result_md_text = lstr + self.value + ' ' + mstr.strip() + '\n' + rstr
        return result_md_text

# 內容為### Title形式,Title需要翻譯
# 比如 ### MD標題
class MdTransItemTitle(MdTransItem):
    def __init__(self, text, i):
        MdTransItem.__init__(self, i)
        idx = text.index(' ')
        lstr = text[0: idx + 1]
        rstr = text[idx + 1:]
        # print(rstr)
        self.trans_buff = self.delimiter + ' \n' + \
            rstr + '  \n' + self.delimiter + ' \n'
        self.value = lstr.rstrip()

    def get_trans_buff(self):
        return self.trans_buff

    def compose(self, translated_md_text):
        # return translated_md_text.replace(self.delimiter, self.value)
        print('self.delimiter:', self.delimiter)
        print(translated_md_text)
        result_md_text = ''
        dlen = len(self.delimiter)
        idx1 = translated_md_text.index(self.delimiter)
        idx2 = translated_md_text.index(self.delimiter, idx1 + 1)

        lstr = translated_md_text[0: idx1]
        mstr = translated_md_text[idx1 + dlen + 1: idx2]
rstr = translated_md_text[idx2 + dlen + 1:]
        rstr = rstr.lstrip()

        result_md_text = lstr + self.value + ' ' + mstr.strip() + '\n' + rstr
        return result_md_text


# 內容為![圖片標題](01.jpg) 形式,圖片標題需要翻譯
# 比如 ![圖片名稱](01.jpg)
class MdTransItemImg(MdTransItem):
    def __init__(self, text, i):
        MdTransItem.__init__(self, i)
        idx1 = text.index('[')
        idx2 = text.index(']')
        if idx1 == idx2 - 1:
            self.value = text[:-1]
            self.trans_buff = self.delimiter + '\n'
            self.type = 1
        else:
            lstr = text[0: idx1 + 1]
            mstr = text[idx1 + 1: idx2]
            rstr = text[idx2: -1]
            self.trans_buff = self.delimiter + '_B ' + mstr + ' ' + self.delimiter + '_E\n'
            self.value1 = lstr
            self.value2 = rstr
            self.type = 2

    def get_trans_buff(self):
        return self.trans_buff

    def compose(self, translated_md_text):
        if self.type == 1:
            translated_md_text = translated_md_text.replace(
                self.delimiter, self.value)
        elif self.type == 2:
            translated_md_text = translated_md_text.replace(
                self.delimiter + '_B', self.value1)
            translated_md_text = translated_md_text.replace(
                self.delimiter + '_E', self.value2)
        return translated_md_text

# 內容為#key:["values1","values2",..."valueN"]形式,value需要翻譯
# 比如 keywords: ["關鍵詞1","關鍵詞2","關鍵詞3"]
class MdTransItemKeyValueArray(MdTransItem):
    def __init__(self, text, i):
        MdTransItem.__init__(self, i)
        idx = text.index(':')
        # print(idx)
        lstr = text[0: idx + 1]
        self.value = lstr
        rstr = text[idx + 1:].strip()
        # print(rstr)
        # 列表內容
        if rstr.startswith('['):
            self.trans_buff = ''
            self.trans_buff = self.trans_buff + self.delimiter + '  \n'

            # print('strat with [')
            trans_str = ''
            items = rstr[2:-2].split('\",\"')
            for item in items:
                self.trans_buff = self.trans_buff + item + '\n'

            self.trans_buff = self.trans_buff + self.delimiter + '  \n'

        else:
            print("Wrong format with MdTransItemKeyValueArray:", text)

    def get_trans_buff(self):
        return self.trans_buff

    def compose(self, translated_md_text):
        print('self.delimiter:', self.delimiter)
        print(translated_md_text)
        result_md_text = ''
        dlen = len(self.delimiter)
        idx1 = translated_md_text.index(self.delimiter)
        idx2 = translated_md_text.index(self.delimiter, idx1 + 1)

        lstr = translated_md_text[0: idx1]
        mstr = translated_md_text[idx1 + dlen + 1: idx2]
        rstr = translated_md_text[idx2 + dlen + 1:]
        rstr = rstr.lstrip()

        result_md_text = lstr

        result_md_text = result_md_text + self.value + ' ['
        mstr_array = mstr.strip().split('\n')
        for m in mstr_array:
            if m.endswith('.'):
                m = m[0:-1]
            result_md_text = result_md_text + '"' + m + '",'

        if result_md_text.endswith(','):
            result_md_text = result_md_text[0: len(result_md_text) - 1]

        result_md_text = result_md_text + ']\n'
        result_md_text = result_md_text + rstr
        return result_md_text

class MdTranslater(object):
    langs = ['en', 'zh-tw', 'th', 'hi', 'ms', 'tl', 'id', 'vi']

    def cleanup(self, md_folder):
        for lang in self.langs:
            dest_filename = md_folder + '/index.' + lang + '.md'
            if os.path.exists(dest_filename):
                print('remove ', dest_filename)
                os.remove(dest_filename)

    def check_missing(self, md_folder):
        for lang in self.langs:
            dest_filename = md_folder + '/index.' + lang + '.md'
            if not os.path.exists(dest_filename):
                print('lack ', dest_filename)

    def replace_useless_char(self, tstr):
return tstr

    def translate_md(self, src_lang, dest_lang, md_file):
        dest_filename = md_file.replace(src_lang, dest_lang)
        if os.path.exists(dest_filename):
            print('already translated ', dest_filename, ' skip.')
            return

        src_filename = md_file
        if not os.path.exists(src_filename):
            print('src file ', src_filename, ' not exist! skip.')
            return

        src_md_lines = ''
        with open(src_filename, encoding='utf-8') as src_filename_data:
            src_md_lines = src_filename_data.readlines()

        print('translate ', dest_filename, ' ...')
        is_front_matter = False
        md_trans_items = []
        for i in range(len(src_md_lines)):
            line = src_md_lines[i]
            line = self.replace_useless_char(line)
            if line.strip() == '---':
                is_front_matter = not is_front_matter
                md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemReserve(line, i))
                continue

            if is_front_matter:
                if line.startswith(('title:', 'slug:', 'description:')):
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemKeyValue(line, i))
                elif line.startswith('date:'):
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemReserve(line, i))
                elif line.startswith(('tags:', 'categories:', 'keywords:')):
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemKeyValueArray(line, i))
                else:
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemPlainText(line, i))
            else:
                if len(line.strip()) == 0:  # 空行
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemPlainText(line, i))
                elif re.match('\!\[.*\]\(.*\)', line) is not None:  # 圖片
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemImg(line, i))
                elif line.strip().startswith('#'):  # 標題
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemTitle(line, i))
                else:  # 普通文字
                    md_trans_items.append(MdTransItemPlainText(line, i))

        # 待翻譯md文本
        src_md_text = ''
        for mdTransItem in md_trans_items:
            src_md_text = src_md_text + mdTransItem.get_trans_buff()

        # 分割文本,每次翻譯,發送大小不大於1000
        part_src_md_text = ""
        dest_md_text = ""
        for line in src_md_text.splitlines():
            part_src_md_text = part_src_md_text + line + "\n"
            if len(part_src_md_text) > 1000:
                dest_md_text = dest_md_text + GoogleTrans().translate(part_src_md_text,
                                                                      src_lang, dest_lang) + "\n"
                part_src_md_text = ""
        if len(part_src_md_text) > 0:
            dest_md_text = dest_md_text + GoogleTrans().translate(part_src_md_text,
                                                                  src_lang, dest_lang) + "\n"

        for mdTransItem in md_trans_items:
            print(mdTransItem)
            dest_md_text = mdTransItem.compose(dest_md_text)

        final_md_text = ''
        for dline in dest_md_text.splitlines():
            final_md_text = final_md_text + dline + '  \n'

        with open(dest_filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as outfile:
            outfile.write(final_md_text)

    def translate_md_with_retries(self, src_lang, dest_lang, md_folder, retries=0):
        print('translate md with retries=',  retries)
        if retries > 20:
            return
        try:
            time.sleep(1)
            return self.translate_md(src_lang, dest_lang, md_folder)
        except:
            time.sleep(5)
            retries += 1
            self.translate_md_with_retries(
                src_lang, dest_lang, md_folder, retries)

    def translate_all_md(self, md_folder):
        print('translate_all_md:', md_folder)
        files = [f for f in glob.glob(
            md_folder + "/**/*.zh-cn.md", recursive=True)]
        for f in files:
            for lang in self.langs:
                self.translate_md_with_retries('zh-cn', lang, f)

參考文檔

google翻譯部分參考了 https://github.com/VictorZhang2014/free-google-translate

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